Semiconductors grown on graphene could fundamentally change semiconductor industry

ScienceDaily (Sep. 10, 2012) ? Researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have patented and are commercializing GaAs nanowires grown on graphene, a hybrid material with competitive properties. Semiconductors grown on graphene are expected to become the basis for new types of device systems, and could fundamentally change the semiconductor industry. The technology underpinning their approach has recently been described in a publication in the American research journal Nano Letters.

The new patented hybrid material offers excellent optoelectronic properties, says Professor Helge Weman, a professor at NTNU's Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, and CTO and co-founder of the company created to commercialize the research, CrayoNano AS. "We have managed to combine low cost, transparency and flexibility in our new electrode," he adds.

The patented method of growing semiconductor nanowires on atomically thin graphene uses MBE (Molecular Beam Epitaxy) to grow the nanowires.

"We do not see this as a new product," Weman says. "This is a template for a new production method for semiconductor devices. We expect solar cells and light emitting diodes to be first in line when future applications are planned."

Sunny outlook for nanowires

"Graphene is experiencing tremendous attention worldwide," Weman says. "Companies like IBM and Samsung are driving this development in the search for a replacement for silicon in electronics as well as for new applications, such as flexible touch screens for mobile phones. Well, they need not wait any more. Our invention fits perfectly with the production machinery they already have. We make it easy for them to upgrade consumer electronics to a level where design has no limits."

This invention is thus thought to be an enabler for a future platform for electronics and optoelectronics devices. One possible device with very large market potential is a nanowire solar cell. This type of solar cell has the potential to be efficient, cheap and flexible at the same time. The invention also makes it possible to imagine a future with self-powered nanomachines and advanced 3D integrated circuits built on graphene and semiconductor nanowires, enabling smaller and more efficient electronics.

Weman himself envisions flexible self-powered consumer electronics integrated into everything from clothes to notepads, and of course traditional cell phones, tablets and exercise accessories.

"Semiconductors grown on graphene could become the basis for new types of device systems, and could transform the semiconductor industry by introducing graphene as a preferred substrate for many applications," he says.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. A. Mazid Munshi, Dasa L. Dheeraj, Vidar T. Fauske, Dong-Chul Kim, Antonius T. J. van Helvoort, Bj?rn-Ove Fimland, Helge Weman. Vertically Aligned GaAs Nanowires on Graphite and Few-Layer Graphene: Generic Model and Epitaxial Growth. Nano Letters, 2012; : 120823152601008 DOI: 10.1021/nl3018115

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/matter_energy/electronics/~3/B8ojLR-vNxs/120910082304.htm

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Scotiabank pumps $4.5M to support children's programmes

Daily Archive

Source: http://www.guyanatimesgy.com/2012/09/09/scotiabank-pumps-4-5m-to-support-childrens-programmes/

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South Korea called "courageous" for investigating Samsung's patent ...

By Daniel Eran Dilger

Samsung?s ?enormous political clout? in South Korea speaks well of the decision by the nation?s Fair Trade Commission to investigate allegations of its standards essential patent abuse.

Apple has charged that Samsung is abusing the standards essential patents it has already committed to fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory licensing terms, and instead using them to block Apple?s products from the market, notes patent blogger Florian Mueller

Mueller wrote in a report at FOSS Patents that South Korea?s regulatory agency has joined the European Commission in looking into Samsung?s efforts to use its standards essential patents to seek injunctions against older iPhone models.

The move follows a Korean court determination that both Apple and Samsung had infringed the other?s patents, resulting in national sales injunctions against older models of devices from both companies.

While the injunctions are likely to be stayed while the ruling is being appealed, the decision created the impression that Korea was seeking to maintain an appearance of fairness while also seeking to protect Samsung, a massive conglomerate that makes up 15 to 20 percent of the country?s Gross Domestic Product.

Mueller described the decision by Korea?s FTC to investigate Samsung as ?courageous,? given the what he called the ?enormous political clout? Samsung has in its home country. He added that it ?shows that the Korean government is not prepared to turn its country into a FRAND rogue state only because it may suit Samsung?s short-term tactical needs in a global patent spat.?

Who is abusing patents?

Mueller also noted a report by the Korean Times that cited U.S. Department of Justice antitrust chief John Read as diplomatically telling Korean delegates at a antitrust conference his ?hope? that Samsung ?can sell its products in the United States despite the verdict? reached by a U.S. District Court jury that awarded Apple over one billion dollars in damages and returned profits over its patent infringements.

Apple?s more outspoken critics (including those who oppose any legal protection for intellectual property) have vilified that jury and its decision, with well known Groklaw blogger Pamela Jones recently castigating the jurors as ?little patent fascists? that ?failed to fulfill their function,? for not determining that all of Apple?s patents were invalid.

Jones grew famous for her detailed coverage of the SCO lawsuits which alleged broad copyright claims against Linux users, and has since written extensively about the legal battle between Oracle and Google over Android?s infringement of Java copyrights, in both cases conveying a highly negative view of intellectual property holders and a heroic portrayal of the open source projects those cases targeted as infringing.

Blurred lines in the vilification of patent holders

However, the legal battles between Apple and Samsung aren?t as easy to simplify down to an open source David fighting back against a dominant Goliath armed with proprietary patents and other intellectual property rights. Both Apple and Samsung are asserting patent rights against each other, and both are seeking sales injunctions against each other?s products.

The difference is that Apple is seeking to protect what it views are its original inventions, while Samsung is attempting to leverage its patented contributions to open standards (such as 3G and LTE mobile networking specifications) to extract punitive sales bans and monetary awards that Apple insists are neither fair, nor reasonable nor nondiscriminatory, in hopes that these demands will force Apple to give up all of its intellectual property rights and allow Samsung to continue to use the successful results of Apple?s research and development in place of its own, less successful ideas.

While becoming a symbol of ?patent oppression? among the critics of patents, trade dress and other forms of intellectual property following the adverse $1 billion verdict in its case with Apple, Samsung itself has also recently taken on its South Korean neighbor LG, alleging that the firm has stolen its own proprietary technology secrets related to OLED HDTV panels, and is demanding millions in damages.

Similarly, while critics of both intellectual property and Apple have painted Samsung?s Android software partner Google as the hero in fighting off Apple?s intellectual property cases, Google?s own Motorola subsidiary has, like Samsung, increasingly stepped up its efforts to block Apple?s product sales through standards-essential patent licensing demands, the same behavior that has resulted in patent abuse investigations in the US, EU and now Korea.

Article source: http://appleinsider.com.feedsportal.com/c/33975/f/616168/s/2330f7d4/l/0L0Sappleinsider0N0Carticles0C120C0A90C0A70Csouth0Ikorea0Icalled0Icourageous0Ifor0Iinvestigating0Isamsungs0Ipatent0Iabuse/story01.htm

Source: http://www.appleliveblog.com/south-korea-called-courageous-for-investigating-samsungs-patent-abuse

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Effectively Teaching the Mathematics Lesson Plan

September 8th, 2012 by admin

I am going to have to do some research this weekend and try to find the right mathematics lesson plan for my class on Monday. I have to teach a difficult concept and I want to get it right the first time. I have a really unique group of learners this year, so I have worked very hard to think outside of the box when planning my lessons. I hope that I am able to teach this lesson very effectively.

Source: http://www.bluelotusgroup.net/reference-and-education/effectively-teaching-the-mathematics-lesson-plan/

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Egypt says Sinai campaign coordinated with Israel

CAIRO (AP) ? Egypt's military spokesman says Cairo has coordinated its ongoing offensive in the Sinai peninsula with Israel and that the campaign does not violate the two nations' peace treaty.

Col. Ahmed Mohammed Ali also told reporters Saturday that five weeks into the operation Egyptian forces have killed 32 people, arrested 38 and destroyed 31 tunnels along the border with Gaza. He did not provide details on those killed or detained.

Egypt launched the offensive following an Aug. 5 militant attack near the border with Israel and Gaza that killed 16 Egyptian soldiers.

The operation has included unprecedented numbers of troops and heavy weapons in Sinai, chunks of which are demilitarized according to the 1979 peace treaty between Egypt and Israel.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2012-09-08-Egypt-Sinai/id-ab5ca50e74de4d358e7453b52adbf538

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Apple in talks to create internet radio station

?It is an acknowledgement by Apple of the success of the ad-funded web radio model and the impact that is having on the download-to-own market,? he said. ?This would control the market and steal away some of the thunder that is being sucked up by Spotify and Pandora.?

The new station could work on Apple hardware as well as Windows PCs, the Wall Street Journal claimed.

It would monitor which songs a customer chooses to compile a personalised ?station? of similar tracks. Adverts would interrupt the soundtrack and generate revenue.

Apple is thought to be in negotiations over licensing, although talks are still at an early stage and it could take months to launch the service.

But it could struggle to turn a profit. Pandora last week reported its revenue increased in the most recent quarter but it still lost $5.4m because of royalties.

Apple declined to comment.

Source: http://telegraph.feedsportal.com/c/32726/f/568302/s/233193a3/l/0L0Stelegraph0O0Cfinance0Cnewsbysector0Cmediatechnologyandtelecoms0Cdigital0Emedia0C95294980CApple0Ein0Etalks0Eto0Ecreate0Einternet0Eradio0Estation0Bhtml/story01.htm

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Rescuers focus on remote areas as China quake toll at 89

SHANGHAI (Reuters) - Rescuers in southwestern China tried on Saturday to reach remote communities rocked by back-to-back earthquakes that killed at least 89 people and damaged many thousands of buildings, state media reported said.

Shallow 5.6 magnitude quakes struck an impoverished, mountainous part of the country with poor infrastructure and communications on Friday and the death toll could rise as news trickled in from cut-off areas, the Xinhua news agency said.

The quakes cut off electricity and triggered landslides that blocked roads, hampering rescue efforts. Adding to rescuers' difficulties was rain which forecasters said was expected for the next three days.

State television showed crumbled walls and roads strewn with rubble and rocks.

More than 200,000 people in Yunnan province were relocated after the quakes leveled more than 6,600 houses and damaged many more thousands of buildings. Up to 740,000 people had been affected in Yunnan's six worst-hit counties, officials said.

In neighboring Guizhou province, more than 11,700 houses were damaged and the lives of nearly 28,000 people were disrupted, the state news agency and officials said.

Buildings in China's less developed regions are often built with little regard for construction standards, making them susceptible to earthquakes.

Xinhua said more than 800 people were injured.

Most of the victims were from Yiliang county in Yunnan province, near the epicenter.

Premier Wen Jiabao held an emergency meeting on his plane as he flew to the disaster zone late on Friday. He reached Yiliang just after midnight and spent the night visiting quake survivors in villages and hospitals, Xinhua said.

State broadcaster CCTV also showed Wen talking to victims in a tent settlement set up for the displaced.

Rescuers in Yunnan said they had reached most of the worst-hit areas and the province's civil affairs department was quoted as putting direct economic losses at 3.5 billion yuan ($552 million).

The first quake hit at 11:19 a.m. (0319 GMT) on Friday and the second one about 45 minutes later at a depth of about 10 km (6 miles), according to the U.S. Geological Survey.

Earthquakes with an epicentre less than 70 km (45 miles) below the surface are considered shallow and can cause significant damage, even at lower magnitudes.

In 2008, about 87,600 people were killed in the southwestern province of Sichuan when a 7.8 magnitude earthquake hit. Many of the victims died in the rubble of homes and schools built without adequate steel reinforcement.

($1 = 6.3428 yuan)

(Reporting by John Ruwitch; Editing by Robert Birsel)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/rescuers-focus-remote-areas-china-quake-toll-80-032131421.html

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